This painting, painted during the artist's stay in Arles, is a depiction of the Place du Forum in the north-east corner. Van Gogh used the starry sky theme for the first time in this work.
Although dark colors generally dominate the work, which reflects the night view of the café, no tone of black is used in its drawing. Instead, the warm colors preferred and the depth of perspective make this painting unusual for Van Gogh's works. Thanks to this perspective, the viewer is directed towards the horse-drawn carriage moving forward from the end of the pavement paved with pebbles. Under the wide awning illuminated by the yellow light reflected from the café's lamps, guests are seated around the table in the back. At the edge of the table, a waiter dressed in white and holding a tray serves them. In addition, people walking on the street, a horse-drawn carriage coming from afar, dark buildings on the right side of the street, a small illuminated shop, tree branches and the tower of an old church (now the Lapidaire Museum) are visible. Despite the darkness of the night, this painting, which is bright and peaceful, is considered one of the painter's most special works.
Vincent wrote to his sister Wil about the painting, which he was so excited about:
''I'm working on a new painting of the exterior of a night cafe lately. There are small human figures drinking on the terrace. A huge yellow lantern illuminates the terrace, the house and the pavement, and the pavement takes on a pinkish violet hue. Houses with dark blue or violet facades and a green tree line a road under a blue sky decorated with stars. Here is a night painting in which there is no black at all and only blue, violet and green tones dominate; and the bright little square is covered in a pale sulphur and greenish citron yellow. I get incredible pleasure from making night paintings at night, right then and there. Night paintings are usually drawn and painted during the day, based on rough charcoal drawings made at night. But I enjoy painting them at the same time more.''